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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Learn Kaspa

How the Kaspa network works, topic by topic - the blockDAG, consensus, mining, transactions, upgrades, and programmability.

Start Here

What the network is, the problem it was built to solve, and the vocabulary and numbers the rest of Learn quotes.

BlockDAG & Consensus

Blocks with many parents, the ordering rule that makes them a ledger, what a confirmation is worth, and what a node is allowed to forget.

Mining

Proof of work at ten blocks a second, how difficulty keeps up, and where the coins come from.

Transactions

What a payment is made of, what it costs, how it waits its turn, and how much the network can carry.

Programmability

What the Toccata hard fork made possible, and the languages and proof systems being built on it.

Covenants

The deep end: what consensus enforces, and the KCC conventions everything else is built on.

The Protocol Over Time

The two hard forks that reshaped the network, and the proposals behind them.

Build

Pick a language and start writing against the network.

If you are new to Kaspa, start at What is Kaspa? and read the pages in order. Each page assumes the ones before it, and the footer at the bottom of every page links to the next.

Summary: blockchains cap throughput to protect security, so Kaspa replaced the chain with a blockDAG where parallel blocks all count; GHOSTDAG orders the DAG and penalizes poorly connected blocks; confirmations accumulate ~10 per second against the backbone chain; pruning and per-block difficulty adjustment keep a 10 BPS network runnable on consumer hardware; mining pays every honest block under a smoothly halving emission; the UTXO model makes merging parallel blocks tractable; and two hard forks took the network to 10 BPS and then made it programmable.

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